Distributed practice produces better long-term retention than massed practice
Weak-link patterns
Brief §8's named failure modes, computed from this claim's own paper roles and status -- not a single weakness score. Patterns B and E aren't implemented yet (need dependency-graph machinery, docs/BASIC_ROADMAP.md Phase 11).
No pattern fires on this claim.
Evidence map
Position shows direction, circle area shows citation count. Click a paper for the reason its role was assigned.
Evidence dimensions
Eight independent 0–5 judgments, each with a written rationale. Deliberately never summed into one score.
254-study meta-analytic synthesis plus large-scale modern data confirmation.
One of the most repeatedly demonstrated effects in cognitive psychology, across a century of work.
Confirmed by groups and datasets independent of the original meta-analysis's authors.
Genuine triangulation - a 254-study lab-experiment meta-analysis plus large-scale real-world learning-platform data, converging.
Meta-analytic rigor plus large modern datasets; docked one point only because most contributing lab studies predate current preregistration norms.
Has directly informed successful applied interventions (spaced-repetition tools) that work as predicted.
Essentially uncontested within cognitive psychology.
Debate exists over the underlying mechanism, but not over whether the phenomenon itself is real.
Scored by human.
Why this status
The derivation rule, evaluated top to bottom, first match wins. This is the rule itself — not a confidence score standing in for one.
- 1Unknown — unexplored
2 paper rows (needs <3) and evidence_strength=5 (needs <=1); both required
- 2Unknown — conflicting evidence
(a) 0 failure vs 1 success rows -> no; (b) 0 review rows — opposite-verdict test is a human judgment, not a count; (c) 0 conceptual failure vs 0 conceptual success, 1 original -> no
- 3Unknown — underdetermined
alternative_explanations=4 (needs <=1) AND evidence_strength=5 (needs >=3)
- 4Establishedmatched
independent_replication=5 (>=4), evidence_strength=5 (>=4), consensus=5 (>=4)
- 5Strong, domain-limitedmatchednot reached
evidence_strength=5 (>=4) AND independent_replication=5 (>=3), plus a written scope limit (human judgment)
- 6Active consensus, incompletenot reached
consensus=5 (>=4) AND (methodological_quality=4 <=3 OR alternative_explanations=4 <=2)
- 7Plausible, under active investigationnot reached
independent_replication=5 (needs ==2) AND evidence_strength=5 (needs 2-3), plus recent activity (human judgment)
- 8Speculativenot reached
1/2 rows are empirical (needs 0) AND evidence_strength=5 (needs <=1)
- 9Preliminarynot reached
2 non-theoretical row(s) exist AND independent_replication=5 (needs <=1)
Recorded rationale
v3 rule 4: independent_replication = 5, evidence_strength = 5, consensus = 5. True-negative control - naive guess and post-read status both 'established', no divergence, which is what makes the other two pilot claims meaningful. Pilot 1.