Replica Wormholes and the Black Hole Information Paradox

Two independent papers posted within days of each other on arXiv in November 2019 -- Almheiri, Hartman, Maldacena, Shaghoulian & Tajdini, "Replica wormholes and the entropy of Hawking radiation" (OpenAlex W2991362355, JHEP 2020, primary landmark here) and Penington, Shenker, Stanford & Yang, "Replica wormholes and the black hole interior" (OpenAlex W2991561483, JHEP 2022) -- independently derived the Page curve for an evaporating black hole using a new gravitational path-integral technique ("replica wormholes"), resolving a 45-year-old tension between Hawking's original calculation and unitarity. Builds directly on Penington's solo "Entanglement Wedge Reconstruction and the Information Paradox" (2019, OpenAlex W3081775050), part of the same 2019 breakthrough cluster. Anchored to 2019 (the arXiv posting/real-impact date) rather than either paper's JHEP publication year (2020/2022), matching the same arXiv-date-over-publication-date convention already used for Adam and GW150914.